Fertilizer application plays an important role in nitrogen and phosphorus pollution from farmland runoff. By means of simulation test, the effects of different fertilizer application methods, different compound fertilizers on the farmland nitrogen and phosphorus losses were studied in this paper. The result showed that rational fertilizer application could control nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loading from farmland runoff. The rational ratio between base fertilizer and top application, proper plant-growing density, moderate fertilizer application quantities could reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loss and heighten cabbage yield; The different compound fertilizers and improvement fertilizers could control nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loading from farmland runoff.